小学1-6年级英语知识点大全_小升初-查字典小升初
 
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小学1-6年级英语知识点大全

2020-04-20 14:02:53     标签:小升初模拟题

1现在进行时

表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作,常与now,listen,look等词连用,结构是主语+be动词(am, is, are)+动词ing.

如:It is raining now.

外面正在下雨

It is six oclock now.

现在6点了

My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.

我父母正在客厅看报纸

Look! The children are having a running race now.

看!孩子们正在赛跑

问句将be动词移前,否定句在be动词后+not.

2一般现在时

表示经常反复发生的事情或动作,常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year) on Sundays等词连用。

结构是主语+动词原形;当主语为第三人称单数即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时,动词后加s或es.

如:We have an English lesson every day.

我们每天都要上英语课

Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.

男孩比女孩跑的快吗?是的

问句借助于do, does否定句借助于dont, doesnt,后面动词一定要还原。

3一般过去时

表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与just now; a moment ago; ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。

结构是主语+be动词的过去式(was; were)或主语+动词的过去式。

注意:be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。

如:My earphones were on the ground just now.

我的耳机刚刚还在呢。

Where were you last week? I was at a camp.

你上个星期去哪了?我去野营了

What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm

你昨天去干嘛了?我去参观农场了。

问句有be动词将be动词移前,没有be动词借助于did,后面动词还原;

否定句有be动词在后面加not,没有借助于didnt后面动词还原。

4一般将来时

表示将要打算发生的事情或动作,常与tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;)today等词连用。结构是主语+be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。

如:What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.

你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐。

The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.

孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。

Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.

Tom今晚将和父母去看演出。

问句将be动词或will移前;否定句在be动词或will后加not.

5情态动词

can; can should; shouldn must; may后一定加动词原形。

如:The girl cant swim, but she can skate.

女孩不会游泳,但是会滑冰

Dont talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.

不要再课上说话,你应该认真听老师讲。

6祈使句

肯定祈使句以动词原形开头;否定祈使句以dont加动词原形开头。

如:Open the box for me ,please.

请为我打开盒子。

Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.

刘涛,明天请早点起床!

Dont walk on the grass!

不要在草地上走!

Helen! Dont climb the tree,please.

海伦!不要爬树。

7go的用法

去干嘛用go +动词ing

如: go swimming; go fishing;

go skating;

go camping;

go running;

go skiing;

go rowing

8比较

than 前用比较级;asas之间用原级。

如:My mother is two years younger than my father.

我妈比我爸年轻两岁。

Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.

刘涛跳得和本一样远。

9喜欢做某事

用like +动词ing或like+ to + 动原。

如: Su Yang likes growing flowers.

苏阳喜欢种花。

The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.

孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。

10想要做某事

用 would like +to+动原或want + to +动原。

例:Id like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum

11some

用于肯定句中,在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用

如:Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?

12代词

人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前,主格分别是 I you he she it we you they。

宾格做宾语用,一般放在动词或介词后

如:Open them for me. Let us , join me等。

宾格分别是me you him her it us you them。

形容词性物主代词放在名词前,不能单独使用,分别是my your his her its our your their

名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词,它只能单独使用后面不好加名词,分别是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。

13介词

介词后要么不加动词,加动词只能加动词ing形式

如:be good at running;

do well in jumping;

14时间介词

季节前,月份前用介词in

如:in summer;in March

具体的哪一天如星期几,几月几日用介词on

如:on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning

在几点钟前用介词at

如: at a quarter to four;

只在上下午晚上用in

如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;

但在夜间用at night。

另:季节,月份和星期前不好加the.

15名词复数构成的方法

有规则的有:

(1)直接在名词后加s

如orangeoranges; photophotos;

(2) 以x, s, sh, ch 结尾的加es

如:boxboxes; glassglasses; waitresswaitresses; watchwatches;peach--peaches

(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es

如:studystudies;librarylibraries; hobbyhobbies; familyfamilies;

(4)以f, fe结尾的改f, fe 为v+es如:knifeknives; thiefthieves(注:以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es, mangomangoes其余加s,)

不规则的有:

man womanwomen; peoplepeople; childchildren

16动词第三人称单数的构成

(1)直接在动词后加s

如:run dancedances

(2)以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es

如:dogowashwashes;catchcatches

(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es

如:studystudies; carrycarries;

17现在分词的构成

(1)直接在动词后加ing

如:singsinging; skiskiing;

(2)双写词尾加ing

如:swimswimming; jogjogging;runrunning;

(3)以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing

如:rideriding; dancedancing; makemaking;

18规则动词过去式的构成

(1)直接在动词后加ed

如:cleancleaned; milkmilked; playplayed;

(2)以e结尾的直接加d

如:dancedanced; tastetasted;

(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed

如:studystudied;carrycarried;

(4)双写词尾加ed

如:stopstopped; jogjogged;

不规则的有:am,is are do,does have,has go meet sit see get tell run come stealstole; read

19形容词副词比较级的构成

规则的:

(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er

如;smallsmaller; lowlower;

(2)以e结尾的加r

如:latelarer;

(3)双写词尾加er

如:bigbigger; thinthinner; fatfatter;

(4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er

如:heavyheavier; earlyearlier;

不规则的有:

good, wellbetter(最高级为best); many, much--- more(最高级为most); far---farther;

20rain与snow的用法

(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词

如:There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。

(2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪,有四种形式分别是:

动词原形rain, snow;

第三人称单数rains ,snows;

现在分词raining; snowing

过去式rained; snowed;

如:①Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。

②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天经常下雨。

③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。

④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。

(3)形容词为rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的

如:It is often rainy here in spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。

If it is rainy tomorrow, Ill stay at home.如果明天是有雨的,我将呆在家里。

21比较级

注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。

如:My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine. My computer is nicer than Nancys. My brother is stronger than me.

22have, has

表示某人有(has用于第三人称单数);There is/ are;

There was/ were 表示某地存在有

注意There be 句型的就近原则

单数或不可数用there is /was;

复数用there are/ were.

23本身就是复数的词

眼镜glasses; 耳机earphones; 鞋shoes;裤子trousers等词本身是复数。

如:My glasses were on the chair just now.

但如果表示这双,这副,一双的时候用单数

如:There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. This pair of earphones is for you.

24五个元音字母分别是Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;

25一个的用法

a用于辅音前不是辅音字母前;an 用于元音前不是元音字母前。

如:There is an s, a t, a u, a d ,an e, an n,and a t in the word student.

26时间表示法

有两种:

(1)直接读时钟和分钟。

如6:10读成 six ten; 7:30读成seven thirty; 8:45读成eight forty-five;

(2)用to与past表示。

在半小时包括半小时以内用几分past几点

如:6:10读成ten past six; 7:30读成half past seven;

过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分

如7:45读成a quarter to eight; 9:50读成ten to ten;

27基数词变序数词的方法

基变序有规律,结尾加上th; 一二三特殊例,结尾字母t、d(即first, second, third);

八去t, 九去e, ve要用f替(即eigheighth; nineninth; five-- fifth ;twelvetwelfth);

ty改y为ie后加th别忘记(即整十数如twentytwentieth;fortyfortieth);

几十几十位为基个位为序(如第二十一为twenty-first)。

另外强调序数词前一定要加the。

28日期的表示法

用the+序数词+ of +月

如:三月三日 the third of March;

12月25日 the 25th of December.

29both 表示两者都

如:My parents are both teachers.

all表示三者以上都

如:The students are all very excited.

30节日的表示法

有day的节日前用on.

没有day的节日前用at,

如:at Christmas; on Christmas Day; at New Year; on New Years Day.

31激动兴奋的

excited表示激动的,兴奋地主语是人;

exciting表示令人激动的,令人兴奋的主语是事情

如:The running race is very exciting, so all the students are very excited.

赛跑非常令人激动,因此所有的学生都很激动。

32比较

两者比较用比较级,三者以上比较用最高级

如:Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does

谁跑得更快,男孩还是女孩?男孩。

Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.

你最喜欢哪个季节?我最喜欢秋天。

Which season do you like better, summer or winter? I like winter better.

你更喜欢哪个季节,夏天还是冬天?我更喜欢冬天。

33动词还原的用法

前面用了do, does did, dont, doesnt didnt后面动词要还原。

如:Did she watch TV last night?

Helen doesnt like taking photos.

34到了

到达用get to

但注意到家,到这儿,到那儿不可以加to

如:get home; get here; get there,

另外go home; come here; go there也一样。

35长着和穿着

长着什么用with

如:the girl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩;

穿着什么用in

如:the man in black穿黑衣服的男人

或:the woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的妇女

36让某人做某事

用let sb后加动词原形

如:Lets water the flowers together.

是该做的时候了用Its time for+名词或Its time to +动原。

帮助某人做某事是help sb with sth

如:帮我学英语是 help me with my English

37树上

外来的东西在树上用in the tree

如:the bird in the tree;

树上长的用on the tree

如:the apples on the tree

38运动和乐器

球类之前不加the;

乐器之前必须加the

如:play the piano; play football

39一周中的第一天是Sunday; 一年中的第一个月是January

40get后加比较级表示变得更怎么样 。

如:get stronger; get longer

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