小升初英语语法经典练习题:动词用法与辨析(3)_小升初-查字典小升初
 
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小升初英语语法经典练习题:动词用法与辨析(3)

2020-07-30 15:36:05     标签:小升初英语题

英语语法让很多学生都头疼,因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。小升初网为大家整理了小升初英语语法经典练习题,供同学们练习。

11. There are many kinds _____, but I don’t know which to buy.

A. to be chosen B. to choose from

C. to choose D. for choosing

【陷阱】此题容易误选C。

【分析】其实应选B。choose 表示选择,其实是指选择出来(pick out),而不是指从……选择,要表示后者的意思,要用 choose from,有时也用 choose among。同样地,下面两例中的介词 from 也不可省略:

Here are some dictionaries for you choose from. 这些词典可供你选择。

In fact, there are various colors to choose from. 事实上,有各种各样的颜色可供选择。

比较:

He chose a red one. 他选了一个红色的。

He chose from some red ones. 他从一些红色的当中去选。

He didn’t know which to choose. 他不知道选哪个。

He didn’t know which to choose from. 他不知道从哪个当中去选。

请做以下试题(答案选D):

1) We have sent out two best players to the sports meet. What about you? Well, not yet. We have few ______, I’d say.

A. chosen B. to choose

C. to be chosen D. to choose from

2) I’d like to buy an expensive camera. Well, we have several models ______.

A. to pick up B. to pick

C. to choose D. to choose from

12. I _____ him not to go abroad, but he wouldn’t listen.

A. persuaded B. tried to persuade

C. have persuaded D. was persuaded

【陷阱】容易误选A。

【分析】正确答案为B。persuade 的真正意思是说服,而不是设法说服,要表示后者的意思英语应用 try to persuade (当然也可用其他词,如 advise 等)。类似地:

1) kill 的意思是杀死,不表示设法杀死,要表示后者的意思英语用 try to kill。

2) prevent 的意思是阻止,不表示设法阻止,要表示后者的意思英语用 try to prevent。

13. When she came several days later, she found that all things still _______ where she had _______ them.

A. lay; laid B. laid; laid

C. lay; lain D. lying; lain

【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

【分析】正确答案选A。第一空填lay,它是lie(位于,在)的过去式 lay;第二空 laid,它是 lay(放,置)的过去分词,句意为……她发现所有东西还在她当时放它们的地方。请注意 lie, lay 的以下用法及词形变换:

1) lay 有两个常见意思:一是表示放、摆(及物),二是表示下(蛋)(及物或不及物)。如:

Lay your coat on the bed. 把你的外衣放在床上。

Are your hens laying yet? 你的母鸡下蛋了吗?

Will you please lay the table for dinner? 请你摆好餐具准备吃饭好吗?

2) lie 有三个主要意思:一是表示躺或平放,二是表示位于,三是表示说谎。用于以上三义时,均为不及物动词。如:

Don’t lie in bed all morning. 别一个上午都躺在床上。

The book lay open on the desk. 那本书摊开着放在桌上。

Don’t lay your coat on the bed. 不要把你的外衣放在床上。

The small town lies among the mountains. 小镇位于群山之中。

I’m sorry I lied to you. 我很抱歉向你撒了谎。

意 思 现在分词 过去式 过去分词

lie 躺,平放,位于(vi.) lying lay lain

lie 说谎(vi.) lying lied lied

lay 放(vt.),下蛋(vi.vt.) laying laid laid

请做下题(答案均为B):

1) The hens _____ 50 eggs last week, but this week they aren’t _____.

A. lay, lying B. laid, laying

C. lay, laying D. lied, lying

2) The girl ______ on the ground _____ to me that had _____ the purse on the desk.

A. lying, lay, laid B. lying, lied, laid

C. lie, lied, lay D. lay, lied, lain

14. He _____ a visit to the factory and was warmly _____ by the workers there.

A. took, welcome B. took, welcomed

C. paid, welcome D. paid, welcomed

【陷阱】容易误选A或C。因为许多同学会模仿 come → came → come 的变化形式,想当然地认为 welcome的变化形式是 welcome → welcame → welcome。

【分析】此题第一空应填动词 paid,因为 pay a visit to(拜访)是惯用搭配,其中的 pay 不能换成take。第二空要填welcomed,因为welcome 用作动词时,其过去式和过去分词均为 welcomed,即它是规则动词。有的同学也许会问,我们不是常说 You are welcome 吗? 为什么其中的 welcome 未用 welcomed 呢?那是因为此处的 welcome 为形容词,而不是动词。

15. The boy said that the fish his mother cooked tasted ______.

A. good B. well

C. to be good D. to be well

【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

【分析】按英语语法,连系动词后通常接形容词作表语,而不接副词,据此可以排除选项B和D。但到底是应选A还是C呢?许多同学凭感觉认为 taste to be good 似乎很通顺,于是选了C。但是,错了,正确答案应是A。原因是用作连系动词的 taste 后习惯上不接to be。如:

这棵树上的苹果味道很好。

正:The apples from this tree taste delicious.

误:The apples from this tree taste to be delicious.

类似地,feel, smell, sound 等连系动词后习惯上也不接不定式 to be。如:

你的想法听起来很好。

正:Your idea sounds a good one.

误:Your idea sounds to be a good one.

玫瑰发出香气。

正:Roses smell sweet.

误:Roses smell to be sweet.

比较:seem, appear, prove, turn out, continue 等连系动词后可以接不定式 to be,也可省略 to be。如:

She seems (to be) a little tired. 她似乎有点累。

He appears (to be) quite young. 他显得轻。

The examination turned out (to be) quite easy. 结果考试相当容易。

The weather continued (to be ) fine. 天气仍然很好。

注:用作连系动词的 look 后能否接 to be,各语法家意见不一:有的认为可接to be,有的认为不能接 to be。为此,建议同学们以不接 to be 为宜。

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