小学英语重难点知识:句型专项归类
1.肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,
如:Im a student.
She is a doctor.
He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom.
2,否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,
如:Im not a student.
He does not(doesnt)work in a hospital.
There are not(arent)four fans in our classroom.
☆注意☆小结:
否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词not.有动词be的句子则not加在be后面,可缩写成isnt,arent,但amnot一般都分开写.没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上not,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如dont,doesnt,didnt).这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而did只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用did.
3,一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用yes,或no来回答.
如:Are you a student ?Yes, I am No, Im not.
Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. No, she isnt.
Does he work in a hospital ?Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.
Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.
☆注意☆小结:
一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,
①把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可.
②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可.
这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而did只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用did.一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的.
4,特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等)开头引导的句子.此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用yes,no来回答.如:
Whatisthis?
Where are you going?
Who played football with you yesterday afternoon?
When do you usually get up?
Why do you like spring best?
How are you?
☆注意☆小结:
其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如:how many(多少(数量)),how much(多少(钱)),how tall(多高),how long(多长),how big(多大),how heavy(多重)
例句:How many pencils do you have ?
How many girls can you see?
how many用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种搭配,
How many+名词复数+do you have你有多少
How many+名词复数+can you see你能看见多少
How many+名词复数+are there有多少